The Republic of Hungary (in Hungarian, Magyar K鰖t醨sas醙) is a central European
country which is part of the European Union whose currency is the forint (EU).
It borders Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia. It
is locally called Land of the Magyars or Magyarorsz醙. Along with Poland,
Slovakia and Czech Republic, a member of the Visegrad group of nations.
The
Magyars (Hungarians called in most Western countries) were a people organized
into a principality, features nomads from the plains of West Asia, until his
emigration to central Europe in the late ninth century, when they settled in
present-day Hungary. This long journey and relationship with the Huns about
being described in countless ways and in various legends, such as the brothers'
Hunor and Magor.
The Hungarian Principality was composed of several
tribes of the same language and under the command of two princes, was for this
that just was called dual Hungarian Principality. One of the chief was entitled
"Kende", it was the religious leader of the Hungarians and their symbol was the
sun, the other Prince held the title of "Gyula", and was the military leader of
the Hungarians, under the symbol of the moon.
By the early ninth
century, the Hungarian Principality was already advancing from Levedia region,
was under the influence of the Khazar Kanganato, a Turkic ethnic group state,
which was located in Eurasia, north of the Black Sea. Before a civil war around
the year 830, the Hungarian tribes moved westward, heading for Eastern Europe
and arrived in the region known as the land between two rivers (in Hungarian:
Etelk鰖). His stay in this region would not be very long, since the attacks in
854 Pechenegs force them to continue moving toward the west. By the time the
trip through k鰖 Etel, it was estimated that kendo and Levedi Prince Prince
Prince was Gyula 羖mos.
The Principality would originally composed of
seven Hungarian tribes and at one point in its history prior to arrival at the
present Hungarian territory, its leaders 羖mos, El鰀, Kond, Tas, Huba, Ond T鰄鰐鰊
and would make a blood pact, recognizing them all as equal (as a single tribe)
while wholly subject to a single leader, 羖mos and nation. It is estimated that
by this time, real power lay in the Principality in the figure of Gyula, thus
羖mos, and later his son 羠p醖 would be those that lead to the Hungarian people to
the Carpathian basin.
The Hungarians have been led from Asia to the
Carpathian basin by Prince 羖mos, which in religious ceremonies and the legend
"by their own volition" was sacrificed for future victories, before crossing the
Carpathian mountains. Arpad, son of Prince 羖mos, would take command of the
Principality and the tribes, commanding the entrance to the Carpathian Basin of
Hungarian troops. These soldiers would find the domain of the Moravian Prince
Svatopluk, found in the north of the Carpathian region and in the territory of
present Slovakia. In 894 will sign a partnership, where the Magyars maintained a
hostile stance against the Franks. Arpad send a sacred white horse as an
offering to the Moravian prince, and soon would die Svatopluk, leaving
inheritance problems among their children. In the year 895, Prince 羠p醖 lead the
main army of Hungarians in the Carpathian Basin, crossing these mountains by the
passage of Verecke (Hungarian: Vereckei-do). While the decline took place
between the mountains, rear Hungarian troops would be attacked by the armies of
Tsar Simeon I of Bulgaria (this onslaught of the czar was because a year
earlier, the Hungarians would have attended the Byzantine emperor in a campaign
against the Bulgarians , being led by the Princes and Kursz醤 APRAD).
In
896 the Hungarians settled around the river Tisza and then in March 899, in
alliance with the king of East Francia, Arnulf of Carinthia, the armies of Italy
and beat inviadieron Arpad King Berengar of Friuli. After this, they recognized
the lordship Arnulfo the Hungarians on the land of Pannonia. Thus, in 901
settled around the Balaton, subsequently also partially occupied eastern Austria
and southwestern Slovakia, to cover the entire Carpathian basin, also known
under the name of the Pannonian Basin. Hungarian armies in 902 attacked the
Moravian Principality and achieved great tear down the remains of the deceased
Svatopluk domains. Under the leadership of Arpad begin, then, to venture across
Europe including the territories of present Austria, Switzerland, southern
France and the Italic and Iberian Peninsula.
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