Hyderabad is one of the fastest growing cities in India. It is the center for
many industrial, commercial, and IT establishments blended with ancient
structures and traditions which provide glimpses of splendid history of the
city. Hyderabad with a history of over 400 years, is rich in diverse
cultures.
The history of Hyderabad begins in 1512 after Quli Qutb Shah
seized power from Bahamani kingdom and established the fortress city and kingdom
of Golconda. Golconda was later named as Hyderabad after the name of Hyder
Mahal, wife of Quli Qutb Shah. All the seven rulers of the Qutb Shahi dynasty
were great builders, who contributed to the growth and development of
Indo-Persian and Indo-Islamic literature and culture in the city. Hyderabad
became one of the leading markets of diamonds, pearls, steel for arms and
printed fabric during the reign of Qutb Shahi. They ruled the Deccan nearly for
171 years.
The glory, fame and abundant prosperity of Hyderabad
attracted the powerful Mughal emperor Aurangazeb to attack Hyderabad. After a
long eight month seize, Aurangazeb captured Hyderabad in 1687. Aurangazeb
expanded his Mughal empire covering the entire sub continent. However his empire
rapidly declined after his death in 1707.
Mir Quamaruddin, the then
Governor of the Deccan established Asif Jahi dynasty in 1724 and declared
independence from Mughal rule. Asif Jahi dynasty ruled right up to 1948 nearly
for 224 years. During this period Persian, Urdu, Telugu, and Marathi developed
simultaneously. Irrespective of their religion, deserving persons were given
highest official positions. Nizam won friendship with British and French and
continued to rule. The Nizams contributed to the growth and development of
Hyderabad both economically and culturally. They built huge reservoirs like the
Nizam Sagar, Tungabadra, Osman Sagar and Himayath Sagar. The state had its own
currency, mint, postal system and railways.
Hyderabad became the capital
city of Andhra Pradesh on November 1, 1956. Today it is called as Greater
Hyderabad and has grown from 175 sq.km. To 650 sq.km. It is regarded as a major
IT hub as many IT and ITES have set up their operations here. It has numerous
fortune 500 companies. Hyderabad has three central universities, two deemed
universities and six state universities. It is the financial and economical
capital of the state.
The history of Hyderabad is rich and diverse. As
many different dynasties ruled the city, many diversified monuments, cultures,
and traditions have evolved. And Hyderabadis have developed a distinct culture,
which is a mixture of both ancient Hindu and Islamic cultures.
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