Pac-Man is an arcade game created by game designer Toru Iwatani of Namco company

Pac-Man is an arcade game created by game designer Toru Iwatani of Namco company, and distributed by Midway Games for the U.S. market in the early 1980s. Since Pac-Man was released on May 21, 1980, was a success. It became a worldwide phenomenon in the gaming industry, and ended with the domain of Space Invaders, where the action was predominantly shoot-em-up and replace it with a single, more humorous and little violent that many people liked. The protagonist of the game Pac-Man is a yellow circle with a missing sector therefore appears to mouth. Appears in mazes where you eat small dots, points and prizes over the shape of fruits and other objects. The objective of the character is to eat all the points on the screen, time that is passed to the next level or screen. However, four ghosts or monsters, Shadow (Blinky), Speedy (Pinky), Bashful (Inky) and Pokey (Clyde), walk the labyrinth to try eating Pac-Man. These ghosts are, respectively, red, pink, light blue, and orange. In the original game (Puck-Man), the ghosts were called Akabei, Pinky, and Guzuta Aosuke. The ghosts are not the same, so while Blinky is very fast, and has the ability to find you on stage, Inky is very slow and often avoid the encounter with Pac-Man.

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There are four points larger than normal located near the corners of the maze, and Pac-Man provided a temporary ability to eat the monsters (all of them turn blue while Pac-Man has that ability). After being swallowed, the ghosts are regenerated at "home" (a box located in the center of the labyrinth). The time in which the monsters remain vulnerable screen varies, but tends to decrease as the game progresses, and after many screens special points have no effect on the ghosts, with the exception of level 6 in which The effect lasts a few seconds rather than 5.

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There are some breaks between some screens (between 2 and 3, 5 and 6, 9 and 10 and then every four screens) that are humorous scenes about Pac-Man and ghosts. Besides eating the dots, Pac-Man can get additional points if you eat any of the objects that appear twice on screen just below the box in the center of the labyrinth from where the monsters. The object changes each screen or two, and their point value increases, so that two cherries (the award of the first screen) are worth 100 points, while the last object, key, worth 5,000. The game is completely playable just 255 screens, being the largest number that can be expressed with eight digits in the binary system. Although, technically, there is a level 256, if it reaches the right side of the screen is garbled with inconsistent characters and making the game virtually unplayable. This is because the level counter (stored in a single byte) comes to 256 (when the maximum storable in a byte is 255, which produces an error of "overflow"). Then the program tries to draw 256 fruits, which causes the aforementioned distortion of the right half of the screen. The Pac-Man enthusiasts refer to this level as the "Final Level", the "Item Level Screen (Split-Screen Level) or simply as the end of Pac-Man. In Pac-Man World is the family of Pac-Man is kidnapped by various monsters. The Pac-man's father is kidnapped by some aliens, Pooka is kidnapped by a living ship, the dog Chomp Chomp is kidnapped by Anubis, the son of Pac-Man was kidnapped by a robot factory and Mrs Pac-Man is abducted by ghosts. Then it became a game called Ms. Pac-Man, where several said she was the wife of Pac-Man. The game of Ms. Pac-Man is also eating small dots, large dots in a maze. The image of Ms. Pac-Man is equal to that of Pac-Man, is also a circle with a missing sector, only has a bun in the head, one eye closed and lipstick. Initially, Pac-Man's enemies were referred to as monsters in the arcade world, but soon became ghosts. The ghosts are bound by the maze in the same way that Pac-Man, but generally move slightly faster than the player, but become slower when you activate the special points of the corners and slow down significantly as it passes through the tunnels at the sides of the maze (Pac-Man while passing through these tunnels unhindered). Pac-Man slows down slightly while eating dots, potentially allowing a ghost chase to capture him during those times. Blinky, the red ghost, speed increases after a certain number of points to be eaten (this number decreases at higher levels). The accelerated Blinky is unofficially called Cruise Elroy, although opinions differ about the origins of this term.

Pablo Bronstein抯 4 Facades is an original sketch for an architectural installation

Pablo Bronstein抯 4 Facades is an original sketch for an architectural installation. Intervening with life-sized space, the installation posed a skyline physically cut out of a wall. Considering the drawings as 慸ress rehearsals?to the final piece, Bronstein approaches architecture as a performative entity. Presenting popular buildings as pared down symbols, Bronstein plays with ideas of scale, his tiny blue prints framing the colossal as minimalist suggestion.

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BIOGRAPHY 1977 Born Lives and works in London Pablo Bronstein works primarily with 1980s postmodernist and 18th century post-revolutionary French architecture. Finding parallels between their decadent pretensions and their demonstration of precise moments in history via formalist structure, these periods, for Bronstein, define what it is to be a citizen, embracing the heroic as a uniting social value. Basing his Monument?on Jean-Pierre Louis Laurent Houel抯 The Storm of the Bastille, Bronstein gives the famous painting a facelift a la pomo architect Michael Graves. Using Graves trademark pastel tones and stylized patterns, Bronstein authors an alternate history: breathtakingly impressive, and hauntingly crypt-like. Pablo Br

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onstein uses architecture as a means to engage with power: of history, monuments, and the built environment. Using pen and ink on paper, his acutely drafted drawings capture an archival romance of a grand age, a nostalgic longing for the imposing and imperial. Adopting the styles of various architects and movements, his elaborate designs become plausible inventions, both paying homage to and critiquing the emblems of civil engineering. In Elevation and Interior, Bronstein抯 plan borders on abstraction. Depicting the history of architecture from a simple hole in the ground, to a hut, Byzantine temple, Baroque cathedral, enshrined in the cold industrial shell of a modernist shed, Bronstein dissects the lineage of ideas and ideologies, all pastiched together with a dandyish pomo flair.

Learning guitar can be frustrating for beginners, with the finger and hand positions seeming unnatural and uncomfortable when you're new to holding a guitar

Learning guitar can be frustrating for beginners, with the finger and hand positions seeming unnatural and uncomfortable when you're new to holding a guitar. Adding to that, many different guitars have unfamiliar neck shapes and fretboard dimensions, which can add an extra degree of difficulty for those that are transitioning from one style of guitar to another. Although the beginner period of learning any instrument isn't quite as fun as having mastered it, it's easily possible to fast-track your progress and get the key skills under control without having to spend a massive amount of time on them. These three tips and tricks are designed to speed up your guitar progress and get you moving towards intermediate and advanced songs as quickly as possible.

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#1 - Use tablature exercises to get your reading skills and finger movements to improve. One of the hardest parts of mastering guitar is being able to read tablature effectively enough to make it truly second nature. While less complex than traditional musical notation, tablature can prevent a bit of a problem for absolute beginners, especially when coupled with fast musical exercises. In order to master finger movement and quick reading, lay down a couple of finger exercises on a sheet of tablature paper, and run through them quickly and in different keys. A good idea is to practice runs through the major and minor scales, using as many different keys, scale constructions, and string positions as possible. For example, run through the E major scale from the E string, from the A string, and from the D string, each time changing the scale shape and construction.

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#2 - Learn from your favourite songs. Half of the trouble for beginners is simply getting the motivation required to truly succeed at guitar. The problem comes down to the fact that most beginner guitar songs are pretty dull. Instead of focusing on the most basic songs possible, play the songs that you love to listen to, and alter the speed and complexity to make them appropriate for your playing abilities. You'll learn more from working towards difficult songs that you enjoy than you will from mindlessly playing the same beginner songs over and over. Find an artist that you love, get their songs through tablature or standard music, and work towards them over time.

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#3 - Focus on the primary skills first. Sweep picking arpeggios might look and sound cool, but it's rarely used in the context of your average rock song. The problem that faces most beginners is the illusion of real choice. With so many different techniques out there, it's easy to start away at the most complex and impressive without having a real understanding of the basic techniques that make those skills possible. Instead of going straight to sweep picking and string skipping, focus on the basic movements that make those skills possible. Alternate picking, rhythmic strumming and basic left hand scale movements are good places to start. So don't despair -- learning guitar doesn't have to be something that feels like homework. When you focus on the aspects of guitar that you already love, you can boost your dedication and fast-track your learning progress. Using the knowledge and information within this free report, you can get the guitar skills that you dream of without the endless hours of monotonous practice.

Cartooning is not about drawing it is about telling stories

Cartooning is not about drawing it is about telling stories. Yes, even when you are drawing a single illustration you are telling a story. Cartooning is about expressing your thoughts. And it is your thoughts expressed beautifully through your cartoon characters that make you different from other average cartoon makers.

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But as in every other field of life here also you must learn to walk first before you try running. To express your thoughts and ideas through your cartoon characters, you need to master the skill of cartoon drawing first. Then of course you can use your cartoon drawing skills to tell story to your liking.

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To be skilled in cartoon drawing you have to face a learning curve. You just can抰 decide to be a cartoonist then copy some popular cartoon figures and become an accomplished cartoonist who is rich and famous. If you are lucky and talented with keen sense of observation you may pickup one or two tricks by making copy of popular cartoon figures. But that is too inadequate to be of any use. There are various ways that you can take to learn cartoon drawing --you can join cartooning school or take a home study course or follow a book of an expert cartoonist -- the bottom line is you have to follow the steps. Like you should first teach yourself drawing 3d shapes, then learn to stretch, squash those 3d shapes in your drawing. Next you need to practice things like drawing hands and head before moving on to motion and emotion and advanced things like that. If it sounds like lot of work, you are right. But what you achieve at the end is worth working for. If you are smart however you can use the tips you are going to discover here to make the whole learning process fast and painless. 1. ==> Do not start with computers. I agree I run the risk of sounding backdated. But here I am not opposing usage of computer altogether, no sane person can do that. But for beginners there is no alternative to using paper and pencil. There are various software that help you so much that you can go ahead even without learning how to draw a smooth line. This kind of over dependency on computers from the very beginning always backfires down the road. 2. ==> Nail the fact in your mind that construction of human, animal, cars and most of the things that that we see around us are complex 3d structures though we draw them on paper which is 2D. So when drawing you must mentally analyze your model in terms of 3d shapes like spheres and boxes and not in terms of 2d shapes like circles and rectangles. Also when you draw something from paper (i.e. 2D), look for and find out the 3d shapes that make up the character. 3. ==> Most of the cartoon drawing or figure drawing tutorials always start with some basic 3d shapes and after a number of steps end up in a complete and beautiful figure. This technique is very effective in learning how we can draw complex figures starting with simple shapes. But what I am going to tell you will make your pace of learning even faster. It is in fact very simple way of using the same tutorial. Just a lot more effective. What you need to do is start where the tutorial ends and go backward from there. See the completed figure and try to recognize the ingredient basic shapes. And compare your analysis with the exact shapes that are used in the tutorial. This will give you a very through exercise in recognizing the basic shapes. And after some time you will be analyzing the real life around you like an expert. Just take your time and practice this technique, and see how fast it will improve your skill in cartoon drawing. Cartoon drawing is pure fun both for professionals who earn their living through cartooning and hobbyists who draw cartoon only for personal pleasure. I do not know what you goal is but hope the tips here will be helpful for you. Never stop learning: there are a whole lot to learn and even more fun to have in the process. Happy journey!

When it comes to scrapbooking, this craft takes more than just the plan to make it happen

When it comes to scrapbooking, this craft takes more than just the plan to make it happen. Scrapbooking is fun and it yields a beautiful, one of a kind design that only you can make. What's more is that ten years from now, twenty years from now, you will be able to look back at your scrapbook and know just how you felt when you made it. To make this happen, you do have to have a few tips. While everyone has good intentions when it comes to scrapbooking, to be successful at this craft will take a bit of work.

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To help you, here are three tips that will allow you to be successful.

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1.Be organized. You have heard it before, but it so true. If you have ten minutes today before the kids come home you could sit down at the television. Or, you could sit down at your organized scrapbooking station and get a page finished. To do this, give yourself the tools to make it work. That means having papers in one location, scissors in another and so on. Use a desk top organizing drawer set (very inexpensive) and create a small area where everything you need is. 2.Keep your mind open to new ideas. Did you know that people are always creating new and fun things for your scrapbook? They are and if you are stuck in a rut, one of the best things that you can do is to find a new product to use. Of course, you can also come up with your own new ideas too. Find a strange item and see what you can do with it. Challenge yourself with that old piece of fabric or that unique drawing your son made. 3.Keep resources in hand. Sometimes, the ideas just won't flow right. That is when it is time to count on your resources. There are countless books about the craft. There are hundreds of websites dedicated to the craft of scrapbooking. Start a club for all of the Mom's in your son's school that want to do this. Keeping a variety of resources available to you will allow you to find true success. Scrapbooking is a craft that takes a bit of talent but a lot of love. When you keep yourself motivated and with the right set up, you will be very successful at making some of the world's best scrapbooks out there.

If you read the press or the internet on a regular basis you quickly become familiar with the phrases 2nd Tier and 3rd Tier cities

If you read the press or the internet on a regular basis you
quickly become familiar with the phrases 2nd Tier and 3rd
Tier cities. These are the locations investors speculate
will see high levels of capital gain now that Warsaw,
Wroclaw and Krakow have gone through their growth phase.

Will Opole see the same success as Wroclaw? Will Torun go up
in value the way Warsaw did? The guessing game goes on but
in truth the best buys are still actually everywhere and the
smart buyer only needs a few pointers to find them.

Firstly Poland is starting to see commuter belts and
corridors forming around major cities in a way Western
Europe knows all too well. Buyers priced out of city centres
will travel long distances to work in return for a larger
property, excellent schools for their children and a better
lifestyle.

Look around the likes of Warsaw or Krakow for towns and
villages with good transport links or roads, hire a
consultancy company to find you the best schools within one
hundred kilometres, and you will have found the areas where
demand for property is most likely to grow over the next
decade.

Secondly commercial property is overlooked by most foreign
investors who follow the herd despite the fact that these
units are often located on the residential developments they
are considering. Commercial space is cheaper to fit out and
business tenants are more long term and less demanding than
their residential counterparts. Before signing the
reservation for an apartment check to see what else is on
offer within the complex you are looking at.

Thirdly Poland's tourist accommodation is woefully
inadequate for the number of leisure visitors who want to
descend on the country every year. Poland has 35 hotel rooms
per 10,000 inhabitants compared to 221 in its Southern
Neighbour, the Czech Republic, and 195 in Germany. With
Poland attracting one million more tourists a year than
Greece the system is quite literally bursting at the seams
so purchasing a hotel or a house suitable for conversion
could produce exceptional returns.

As more and more foreign investors discover Poland most will
follow the well trodden path into buying residential
apartments. Those who want something more should consider
three often overlooked options - the commuter belts,
commercial property and real estate related to tourism.

When drawing faces, one of the most prominent features is the nose

Copyright 2006 Todd Harris

When drawing faces, one of the most prominent features is the nose. This is because, quite frankly, it is one of the largest on the face and sticks out. So artists, need to know, when drawing faces, how to do this correctly. Some artists tend to overlook this feature and then find their drawings off. This should not be overlooked and is quite simple to get the basics down with these tips.

First, you should know the basic set up and structure of the nose. Knowing what抯 underneath the skin and the musculature and bone structure of the face will help. It is important to note that everyone抯 noses are different and unique and to draw them as such.

Some artists like to keep the drawing of a nose simplified and use the technique of two lines and a ball for the tip of the nose. Some artists start off with a prism to guide them along. This article focuses more on some tips and mistakes to avoid when drawing the nose and not so much the technique.

First when placing the nose on the face, start with your blockin of the head. Carefully draw a line through the forehead and the mouth to give you the starting midpoint on the face. This will help you to keep your alignment right. Then use the thumb and pencil technique for measuring to find the exact placement of the nose.

One of the common mistakes beginning artists make when drawing the nose is in outlining and shading. New artists sometimes make the mistake of drawing the outline of both sides of the nose. This will flatten the nose and make the drawing of the face look off.

Take extra care when you are shading the nose. You should avoid outlining and use lighting and shadow and directional shading to help create the effect. Usually the shadowed side of the nose will provide the depth and dimension to give the 3D effect. When drawing the nose, be careful not to make the nose too long. Some artists do this. Also, just a quick refresher in what we discussed匜irst, sketch out or block in the outline of the nose. Check the placement of the nose on the page using the thumb n pencil method of measuring. Start defining the shape using shadowing, defining the nostrils, etc. Finish shading the nose. That抯 it in a nutshell. Take care when drawing the nose because if you don抰 and hurry though it, it can ruin your drawing. The nose is a prominent feature, treat it that way and you抣l be more likely to achieve a likeness to your subject.